A Federal High Court sitting in Abuja has given an order of perpetual injunction restraining the National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) from imposing fines, henceforth, on broadcast stations in the country.
Justice James Omotosho, in a judgment, also set aside the N500,000 fines imposed, on March 1, 2019, on each of the 45 broadcast stations.
Justice Omotosho held that NBC, not being a court of law, had no power to impose sanctions as punishment on broadcast stations.
He further held that the NBC Code, which gives the commission the power to impose a sanction, conflicts with Section 6 of the Constitution which vested judicial power in the court of law.
He said the court would not sit idle and watch a body imposing fine arbitrarily without recourse to the law.
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He said that the commission did not comply with the law when it sat as a complainant and at the same time, the court and the judge on its matter.
The judge agreed that the Nigeria Broadcasting Code is a subsidiary legislation that empowers an administrative body such as the NBC. enforce its provisions cannot confer judicial powers on the commission to impose criminal sanctions or penalties such as fines.
He also agreed that the commission, not being Nigerian police, had no power to conduct a criminal investigation that would lead to criminal trial and imposition of sanctions.
“This will go against the doctrine of separation of powers,” he said.
Justice Omotosho held that what the doctrine sought to achieve was to prevent tyranny by concentrating too much power in one organ.
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“The action of the respondent qualifies as excessiveness” as it had ascribed to itself the judicial and executive powers.
NBC had, on March 1, 2019, imposed the sum of N500,000 each on 45 broadcast stations in the country over an alleged violation of its code.
However, the Incorporated Trustees of Media Rights Agenda had, in an originating motion marked: FHC/ABJ/CS/1386/2021, sued the NBC as sole respondent in the suit.
In the motion dated Nov. 9, 2021, by its lawyer, Noah Ajare, the group sought a declaration that the sanctions procedure applied by NBC in imposing N500,00Q fines on each of the 45 broadcast stations on March 1, 2019, was a violation of the rules of natural justice.
The lawyer also said that the fines violated the right to a fair hearing under Section 36 of the 1999 Constitution (as amended) and Articles 7 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights (Ratification and Enforcement) Act (Cap AQ) Laws of the Federation of Nigeria, 2004.
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The group argued that this was so because the code, which created the alleged offenses of which the broadcast stations were accused was written and adopted by NBC, “and also gives powers to the said commission to receive complaints of alleged breaches, investigate and adjudicate the complaints, impose sanctions, including fines, and ultimately collect the fines, which the commission uses for its purposes.”
They, therefore, sought an order setting aside the N500,000 fines purportedly imposed by NBC on each of the 45 broadcast stations on Friday, March 1, 2019.
They also sought “an order of perpetual Injunction restraining the respondent, its servants, agents, privies, representatives or anyone acting for or on its behalf, from imposing fines on any of the broadcast stations or any other broadcast station in Nigeria for any alleged offense committed under the Nigerian Broadcasting Code.”
Delivering the judgment, Justice Omotosho described NBC’s act as being ultra vires.
He held that the fines imposed by the NBC as punishment for the commission of various offenses under its code were contrary to the law and hereby declared unconstitutional, null, and void.
The judge also made an order of perpetual injunction restraining the commission from further imposing fines on broadcast stations in the country.
